Clinical Evidence - SEDLine^® Brain Function Monitoring

SEDLine brain function monitors feature 4-channels of high-quality EEG data to facilitate immediate detection of asymmetrical activity, rapid assessments, enhanced anesthetic management and control, and more individualized titration that helps clinicians achieve targeted sedation throughout all phases of anesthesia.

Featured Clinical Studies:

Is The Patient State Analyzer With The Psarray2 A Cost-Effective Alternative To The Bispectral Index Monitor During The Perioperative Period? White P.F., Tang J., Ma H., Wender R.H., Sloninsky A., Kariger R. Anesth Analg. 2004 Nov;99(5):1429-35.
A Comparison Of Patient State Index And Bispectral Index Values During The Perioperative Period. Chen X., Tang J., White P.F., Wender R.H., Ma H., Sloninsky A., Kariger R. Anesth Analg. 2002 Dec;95(6):1669-74.
Titration of Delivery and Recovery from Propofol, Alfentanil, and Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia. Drover D.R., Lemmens H.J., Pierce E.T., Plourde G., Loyd G., Ornstein E., Prichep L.S., Chabot R.J., Gugino L. Anesthesiology 2002; 97:82–9.

Full Citation List of All Available Studies:*

Titration of Sevoflurane in Elderly Patients: Blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial, in Non-Cardiac Surgery after Beta-Adrenergic Blockade. Drover D.R., Schmiesing C., Buchin A.F., Ortega H.R., Tanner J.W., Atkins J.H., Macario A. J Clin Monit Comput. 2011 Aug 10.
Processed Quantitative EEG Monitoring Reduces Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Nonsmoking Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Tubal Ligation. Cassingham S.F., Khan M., Alaniz P., Munsterman L., Smith C., Kaji S. Proceeding of the 2006 Annual Meeting of the International Anesthesia Research Society: S-163.
Facilitating Perioperative Beta Blockade: Titration of Anesthetic to Processed Electroencephalogram Parameters. Thong A.E., Gaupp A., Ellis J.E. Proceeding of the 2006 Annual Meeting of the International Anesthesia Research Society: S-65.
Comparison of Depth of Sedation Measured by PSA 4000 and Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS). Sessler C.N., Kollef M., Hamilton A., Grap M.J., Jefferson D. CHEST 2005; 128.
Patient State Index During A Cardiac Arrest In The Operating Room. Nguyen N.K., Lenkovsky F., Joshi G.P. Anesth Analg. 2005 Jan;100(1):155-7.
Is The Patient State Analyzer With The Psarray2 A Cost-Effective Alternative To The Bispectral Index Monitor During The Perioperative Period? White P.F., Tang J., Ma H., Wender R.H., Sloninsky A., Kariger R. Anesth Analg. 2004 Nov;99(5):1429-35.
A Comparison of Patient State Index (PSI) Changes and Remifentanil Requirements during Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Infants Undergoing General Anesthesia with or without Spinal Anesthesia. Drover D., Hammer G.B., Williams G., Boltz M., Ramamoorthy C. Anesthesiology 2004; 101: A1453.
The Response of the Patient State Index (PSI) to Different Anesthetic Types. Drover D., Plourde G., Loyd G., Ortega H.R., Frazer D. Anesthesiology 2004; 101: A339.
Validation of the EEG Electrode Placement for the Patient State Index (PSI). Drover D., Plourde G., Loyd G., Ortega H.R., Frazer D. Anesthesiology 2004; 101: A322.
The Patient State Index Correlates Well with the Ramsay Sedation Score in ICU Patients. Ramsay M.A., Huddleston P., Hamman B., Tai S., Greg M. Anesthesiology 2004; 101: A338.
The Patient State Index Is an Indicator of Inadequate Pain Management in the Unresponsive ICU Patient. Ramsay M.A., Huddleston P., Henry C., Marcel R., Tai S. Anesthesiology 2004; 101: A349.
Nurse-Administered Propofol Sedation (NAPS) for Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Procedures: NAPS or NAPA? Ramsay M.A., M Hein T. Anesthesiology 2004; 101: A68.
Is Patient State Index of EEG Better Than Bispectral Index of EEG in Assessing Different Levels of Sedation as Judged by Ramsey Sedation Score in ICU Patients? Shah N., Quijano A. Anesthesiology 2004; 101: A293.
The Impact of Addition of N2O on BIS, PSI, and Entropy during a Stable Sevoflurane Anesthetic. Soto R.G., Smith R.A., Miguel R.V. Anesthesiology 2004; 101: A334.
Sedation after Spinal Anesthesia in Elderly Patients: A Preliminary Observational Study with the PSA-4000. Kurup V., Ramani R., Atanassoff P.G. Can J Anaesth. 2004 Jun-Jul;51(6):562-5.
Assessment of Patient State Index (PSI) and Bispectral Index (BIS) Values during the Recovery Period after Outpatient Surgery. Tang J., White P. F., Wender R. H. Proceeding of the 2004 Annual Meeting of the International Anesthesia Research Society: S-125.
Comparative Evaluation of Electroencephalographic Patient State Index (PSI) and Bispectral Index (BSI) Values during Ambulatory Anesthesia. Tang J., White P. F., Wender R. H. Proceeding of the 2004 Annual Meeting of the International Anesthesia Research Society: S-9.
Comparison of Patient State Index (PSI) and Bispectral Index (BSI) Response to Propofol and Desflurane during Ambulatory Surgery. Tang J., White P. F., Wender R. H. Proceeding of the 2004 Annual Meeting of the International Anesthesia Research Society: S-124.
The Patient State Index as an Indicator of the Level of Hypnosis under General Anaesthesia. Prichep L.S., Gugino L.D., John E.R., Chabot R.J., Howard B., Merkin H., Tom M.L., Wolter S., Rausch L., Kox W.J. Br J Anaesth. 2004 Mar;92(3):393-9.
Patient State Index (PSI) Measures Depth of Sedation in Intensive Care Patients. Schneider G., Heglmeier S., Schneider J., Tempel G., Kochs E.F. Intensive Care Med. 2004 Feb;30(2):213-6.
EEG-Based Indices of Anaesthesia: Correlation between Bispectral Index and Patient State Index? Schneider G., Mappes A., Neissendorfer T., Schabacker M., Kuppe H., Kochs E. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2004 Jan;21(1):6-12.
The Impact of Addition of N2O on BIS and PSI during a Stable Sevoflurane Anesthetic. Soto R.G., Fu E.S., Creighton D.D. Anesthesiology 2003; 99: A319.
Detection of Awareness in Surgical Patients with EEG-Based Indices - Bispectral Index and Patient State Index. Schneider G., Gelb A.W., Schmeller B., Tschakert R., Kochs E. Br J Anaesth. 2003 Sep;91(3):329-35.
A Comparison Of Patient State Index And Bispectral Index Values During The Perioperative Period. Chen X., Tang J., White P.F., Wender R.H., Ma H., Sloninsky A., Kariger R. Anesth Analg. 2002 Dec;95(6):1669-74.
Titration of Delivery and Recovery from Propofol, Alfentanil, and Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia. Drover D.R., Lemmens H.J., Pierce E.T., Plourde G., Loyd G., Ornstein E., Prichep L.S., Chabot R.J., Gugino L. Anesthesiology 2002; 97:82–9.
The Physiometrix PSA 4000 Decreases Propofol Usage and Hastens Discharge in Gynecological Day Surgery Procedures. Cassingham S.F., Hebert T., Lemaire R., Cook R., McPherson P.K. Anesthesiology 2002; 96: A5.
Physiometrix PSA 4000 Processed EEG Monitoring Augments the Anesthesia Sparing Effect of Dexmedetomidine. Cassingham S.F., Hebert T., Cook R., Biggs R., McPherson P.K. Anesthesiology 2002; 96: A546.
Can the Patient State Index (PSI) Be Used a Measure of Sedation on the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)? Schneider G., Heglmeier S., Schneider J., Kochs, E. Anesthesiology 2002; 96: A298.
Detection of Awareness during Anesthesia: Bispectral Index (BIS) or Patient State Index (PSI)? Schneider G., Grineisen Y., Heindl B.K., Kochs E.F. Anesthesiology 2002; 96: A312.
Comparison of PSA and BIS Monitoring during General Anesthesia with Propofol and Desflurane. Tang J., Chen X., White P.F., Wender R., Naruse R. Proceeding of the 2002 Annual Meeting of the International Anesthesia Research Society: S-21.
Women Patients Require More Propofol for General Anesthesia than Men. Prichep L. Drover D., Anesthesiology 2001; 95:A481.
QEEG Changes Correlate with Quality of Emergence from General Anesthesia. Gugino L., Chabot R., Aglio L., Block-Salisbury E., Prichep L., John E.R. Anesthesiology 2001; 95:A288.
Patient State Index Assesses Arousal Level. Gugino, L., Chabot, R., Aglio, L., Prichep, L., Formanek, V. Anesthesiology 2001; 95:A282.
Comparison of Bispectral Index and Patient State Index during Induction of Anesthesia for Open Heart Surgery. Mappes A., Gruendel A., Kuppe H. Anesthesiology 2001; 95:A279.
Patient State Index (PSI): Optimization of Delivery and Recovery from Propofol, Alfentanil and Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia. Pierce, E.T., Drover, D., Plourde, G., Loyd, G., Eugene, O. Anesthesiology 2001; 95:A283.
Quantitative EEG Changes Associated With Loss And Return Of Consciousness In Healthy Adult Volunteers Anaesthetized With Propofol Or Sevoflurane. Gugino L.D., Chabot R.J., Prichep L.S., John E.R., Formanek V., Aglio L.S. Br J Anaesth. 2001 Sep;87(3):421-8.
Invariant Reversible QEEG Effects of Anesthetics. John E.R., Prichep L.S., Kox W., Valdés-Sosa P., Bosch-Bayard J., Aubert E., Tom M., di Michele F., Gugino L.D. Conscious Cogn. 2001 Jun;10(2):165-83.

* Abstracts of studies subsequently published in scientific journals and duplicate abstracts or publications are excluded.

indicates an abstract or presentation.

indicates peer-reviewed journal article.